What Are Actual Functions / Roles Of A Router Firmware
Apr 14, 2011
I have several questions:
1. what are the actual functions/roles of a router firmware? Does the firmware work at routing or forwarding?
2. does the firmware automatically processes data? or...can he do that?
3. if a person connects to the internet through the router...does he came in contact with the firmware functions?
4. is the firmware accessed only when the user enters the configuration panel of the router?
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May 21, 2012
I would like to use the web access control that is on the DIR-615 along with my 2Wire modem/wireless router. Is this possible? If not is is possible to put the 2Wire modem into bridge mode and purchase a second wireless modem to run along side the DIR-615 that I have so that I can have two separate wireless networks that have two different web access controls in place?
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May 2, 2011
Soon my town will be getting fiber to the home, so I've already upgraded my home network to handle this. One of the changes is that I'll no longer use my powerline adapters to stream video, but to transfer the IPTV data. For streaming I wanted to switch to Wifi, so I bought the E4200 and compatible adapters and bridges (see subject).The powerline adapters have a bandwidth of 200Mbps, of which I get an actual 120. This works fine except for full 1080p, that stutters. The E4200 has a maximum of 450Mbps, but the adapters and bridge only do 300, but that should be sufficient. So after replugging my network, I tested it last night by playing a 350MB 45 minute episode of a TV series... And it stuttered!
Doing the math, that would mean the connection was less that 1Mbps! The WUSB600N and E3200 were (direct line) about 4 meters apart, separated by a concrete floor. What is the best way to measure the actual connection speed?And more important; since the E3200 does both 2.4GHz and 5GHz, how can I tell which band the adapter is using? I want to use the 5Ghz band, since that is fairly empty compared to the 2.4Ghz. However, I've configured both with the same ID, as the E4200 manual instructs, but I think it may be better to separate them?
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Mar 6, 2013
What are the functions of TCP and UDP?
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Mar 6, 2013
I have ACS 5.3 running TACACS+ and Nexus 7K with 2 x non-default VDC's, VDC-OTV and VDC-CR.I want my TACACS account to have role "vdc- admin" on VDC-CR, and "vdc-operator" on VDC-OTV.I tried putting the VDC's into different Network Device Groups, with VDC-CR being in an Authorization Rule that associated the Device Group with the "vdc-admin" Shell Profile. But I'm getting the same roles on both VDC's--both get whatever the role in the Shell Profile.
It's possible I'm not organizing the Devices and Network Device Groups correctly. It seems to me when I add a new Device, it knows about all the Device Groups, and the IP range and exclude syntax seems to be a pain. I have existing Device Groups, one with a 10.10.*.* IP range, and I'm trying to isolate these two VDC's out of that IP range into their own individual Device Groups.
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Apr 30, 2011
I am new to this wireless router technology. I have purchased a DIR-615 a few days ago and am very happy with the results.I'd like to find a wireless color laser printer that functions well with this DIR-615. After reading many threads on the net about people having trouble connecting their wireless printer to the DIR-615, I figured that it would be best to ask for your opinion.Which one(s) have proven to function easily with this router, and which one would you choose?
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Jul 4, 2012
l have some problems when l try to access to the switch by telnet or ssh, by the console port , the switch show me the next message:l need restart the switch in order to access it again.
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Jun 1, 2011
I have a Domain Controller on windows 2003 advanced server. and I have roles and some configuration such as rights, user accounts, DHCP configuration, DNS server and etc on it.Some times windows needs to be reinstalled but after reinstalling,configuration of roles would be lost. I don't know how can I backup these settings? Is there any solution about this problem.I know a simple way is creating an image of windows installation drive by an application such as Norton Ghost but I'm talking about windows solution.
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May 8, 2012
we have created some administration accounts which should only have the possibility to work on the user database. the useradmin role is to limited to create a user and set a fixed password only, but not able to enable the users authentication against a predefined external identity store. Other roles which makes this possible are far to powerful for a second level adminstrator.The adminstrator should have the possibility the create an user and set the password check against an external database. This is not possible with the predefine role "UserAdmin". Other roles do have to many rights for these users.
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Oct 10, 2012
I'm currently using a LMS 4.2.x System and an ACS 5.3 System.
I solved the problem to authenticate the LMS WebGUI login to the ACS Server. But, I can't not find any document, which descripes how I can assing the group roles via ACS.
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Jan 13, 2013
May I have to know how to check functions included for asa image NCI-ASA5520-BUN-K9?
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Apr 7, 2012
I'm having what's probably one of the strangest computer problems I've ever dealt with. The computer I have set up as my media server (Running Windows 7 Home Premium 64 bit) is randomly losing network/internet communication. Now, I say communication and not connectivity, because I can still ping it from other computers on my network and I can still ping websites from it (via IP address or name so it doesn't appear to be a DNS problem). But I can't pull up any actual webpages when this problem is going on and none of my media services will connect to the PC. I can't even pull up my routers admin page from the PC while this problem is going on (but I CAN ping the router).
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Apr 28, 2011
My company's security group uses Tripwire to monitor for changes in start-config and running-config on network devices in PCI scope. We are migrating from ACS v4.2 to v5.2. I need to create the account for Tripwire on the ACS Appliance but did not want to assign the admin role which would give access to configure terminal. The user role does not have privileges for show start-config or show running-config. Am I missing something or are these the only 2 roles available at the CLI? Can another rolle be added?
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Jul 17, 2012
why I dont have QoS roles under the QoS tab?
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Nov 9, 2012
I'm testing debug spanning-tree functions in a lab, hardware is Cisco 6509 with SUP-720-3B and WS-X6748-SFP, IOS is 12.2.33.SXJ. It's a root in some vlan's, stp mode is rapid-pvst.I wanted to see how spanning-tree is working (STP packets dump, etc.), and entered following commands on 6509: [code]
Then, I turned the "debug spanning-tree all" mode on. Now, I expect to see BPDU packets from Cisco, and other spanning tree events in logs on syslog server, or in log buffer, but I don't get anyting there. Except, there're some lines in log (they repeat very rare): [code]
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Nov 16, 2010
Any actual limit on the number of IPSEC SAs that can be negotiated on the crypto module of a 3900 series G2 router? When I issue the command on a 2900 G2,This implies the 2900 series can handle 1800 IPSEC tunnels with an SA used for each direction. All of the documentation and support requests have stated that the crypto module is better than the AIM module in the older series routers but I have been unable to get a concrete answer to the limit.
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Mar 7, 2012
I have a client that is running ACS 5.3 as a VM in ESX 4.1. The client wants their VMWare admins to have the ability to shut down the ACS server during maintenance etc... I know I could create a CLI user with admin priviliges, however, assigning full admin priviliges is beyond the scope of what the user requires. They simply want a user account with the added privilige of performing a halt from the CLI. In the CLI Reference Guide for ACS.
So is it possible to create an account with user priviliges, then modify its permissions to allow for a halt?
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Jul 2, 2011
I was having major issues with a 5505 (too long a discussion to go into here) so I formatted the disk and uploaded fresh binaries and recreated my configuration. I noticed the licenses were preserved. I also noticed there were several fsck records after the format that were reclaiming lost chains. I suspect the flash on this ASA is going bad, since everytime it boots it says "reading from flash ..!!" like it cannot even read flash successfully. When I purchased this one new, it also had several fsck records being brand new. I'm going to open a case on these flash issues/questions.
Anyway, after all of the above, the only thing that is not working is the botnet filter. [code]
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May 14, 2012
I am trying to configure the dashboards for the pre-defined roles ie) Network Operator, Network Administrator, Helpdesk, etc but I cannot find the document to do this. I am running LMS version 4.1.
The goal is to create users and put them in one of these roles and then they would inherit these dashboards when they log on. Can this be done on LMS ? The doco that I am reading says that each user needs to configure their own dashboard or they can use the public dashboard as a starting point.
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Jan 9, 2012
I'm currently in the process of doing a bandwidth analysis on 2 WAN links at my current HQ / remote sites. The topology is pretty straightforward, two 3845 routers at HQ, and two 3845 routers at my remote site, both with P2P DS3 interfaces between them. From each router we then connect directly into a 6509 at the HQ, and a 4506 at my remote site where we are using equal cost load sharing (EIGRP) to split the load / give us redundancy between the sites.
I'm just looking for a good test for how well the circuits are performing. I've done some basic file transfer tests, but they're only showing about 4MBPS, which seems quite slow. I also know that this isn't a true measurement because there are amny different factors involved, like hard drive write speeds, network congestion, etc, that may influence the test.
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Apr 5, 2013
Region : Argentina
Model : TL-WR740N
Hardware Version : V4
Firmware Version :
ISP :
Region : UnitedStates
Model : TL-WR702N
Hardware Version : V1
Firmware Version :
ISP :
I know that the 150Mps is peak speed. I wonder how to test the actual through speed of the router. Like what average speed do I get for 10 minutes of continuos streaming Speedtest.net is not useful because is just giving me the ISP speed instead of the router speed
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Feb 12, 2013
Lets say i have 2 3750 switches stacked via backend stack cables. Now if a packet needs to go from 1 switch in the stack to second switch in the stack, will it travel via stack cable or do we need to connect both switches via uplink ports (ethernet or sfp). I tried reading datasheet but it no wheres mention the actual frame path between switches in stack.
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Nov 16, 2011
how can i discover product actual part number from the device through console.I have a bought a cisco ASA5540-AIP20-K9 and i want to check either is the product is shipped us as a right product.And i want to check total BoM requriements from entering the ASA console through any CLI Command.Below My Cisco ASA BoM which i purchased.
ASA5540-AIP20-K9ASA 5540 Appliance w/ AIP-SSM-20, SW, HA, 4GE+1FE, 3DES/AES1CAB-ACUAC Power Cord (UK), C13, BS 1363, 2.5m1SF-ASA-8.3-K8ASA 5500 Series Software v8.31SF-ASA-AIP-7.0-K9ASA 5500 Series AIP Sofware 7.0 for Security Service Modules1ASA-VPN-CLNT-K9Cisco VPN Client Software (Windows, Solaris, Linux, Mac)1Included: ASA5540-VPN-PRASA 5540 VPN Premium 5000 IPsec User License (7.0 Only)1Included: ASA5500-ENCR-K9ASA 5500 Strong Encryption License (3DES/AES)1Included: ASA-AIP-20-INC-K9ASA 5500 AIP Security Services Module-20 included w/ bundles1Included: ASA-180W-PWR-ACASA 180W AC Power Supply1Included: ASA-ANYCONN-CSD-K9ASA 5500 AnyConnect Client + Cisco Security Desktop Software1CON-SU1-AS4A20K9IPS SVC, AR NBD ASA5540 w AIP-SSM-20,4GE + 1FE,3DES/AES1
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Mar 3, 2013
I have a 5520 in production at a customer's site between an outside 802.11 network and an inside server. The server can get to outside hosts OK, and the traffic is being NATed properly, and sockets initiated by the server on the inside can pass data both ways, but I need to allow outside hosts the ability to send 'announcement' UDP packets to the inside server. I thought this might be an outside-NAT-required issue to get the traffic routed, but I need the inside server to see the actual outside host source IP in the UDP packet, so I basically set the outside host up similar to the inside host, just without the NAT table on the firewall -- it's subnet is outside the destination (inside server) subnet, and its gateway is the outside interface of the ASA, the same way the inside server is able to get to hosts outside. The firewall should just route the packet with a destination of the inside subnet once it sees that it hits a 'permit' ACL.
I have the appropriate ACL's set up, and when I do 'show access-list' I see policy hits for the 'permit' statements where the outside host is generating the announcement and it's hitting the ACL. I even duplicated the ACL into list 101 and 102, and applied 101 for inbound traffic on the outside int, and applied 102 for outbound traffic on the inside int, and I'm seeing policy hits on both permit statements outside and inside, so it looks like the traffic is being passed on to the inside interface and permitted, but the server isn't seeing the packets.
I can ping the outside interface from the outside, but cannot ping the inside interface or any inside hosts from the outside, even though I have 'permit icmp any any' enabled on the ACL on both ints. When I remove the firewall and put the outside clients on the same subnet, the server sees the packets just fine.
I set up the same scenario in my lab with an ASA 5505, with the same results. Below is the running config from the 5505 in the lab. The production firewall is running a slightly older version of ASA, so I made the configuration as basic as possible on the 5505 to match the config in the field:
: Saved
:
ASA Version 8.3(1)
!
hostname ciscoasa
enable password Guh9Xxhb9mcC8lV1 encrypted
passwd 2KFQnbNIdI.2KYOU encrypted
names
!
interface Vlan2
description Outside WAN Interface
nameif outside
security-level 0
ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Vlan3
description Inside LAN Interface
nameif inside(code)
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Sep 22, 2011
We are running ACS 5.2 patch 6 and want to restrict access for users to be able to add devices to the system.For example, admin person in site A can only add devices into the site A group and cannot see/access other sites groups.
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Nov 8, 2012
I have 2 cisco Aironet 1252 setup as a point to point link using an external antenna (one radio is setup as the root bridge the other is setup as the non-root bridge). Now I see that the connection between the radios is established at a speed of 54 Mbps. However when I perform a speedtest on the link I see that the my actual download speed does not exceed the 2,5 Mbps. what can cause my actual speed to be far lower than the 54 Mbps? And what can I do to improve it?
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Mar 25, 2011
Can you use the NA firmware on an EU firmware device?I assume yes, since the hardware is the same?What's the difference between the two?
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Mar 5, 2013
The router had firmware 2.0.x(?) and I tried to update to the latest FW, according to the webpage that's
FW_E1000_2.1.02.006_US_20130115.bin
Hardware is E1000 v2 according to sticker on back.The firmware update failed (no reason given) and the router now hangs in limbo where all it does is flashing the power LED.I set my PC to 19?2.168.1.2 and TFTP'd the firmware over to 192.168.1.1 - no errors reported and 192.168.1.1 is pingable. Held reset for 30s, then powered down the router for another 30s. On power-up the router still flashes the power LED.
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Aug 20, 2011
I was using dd-wrt to fix a problem that my router was having (I wasn't able host some online games when router QOS is enabled). However, i can't couldn't take that crappy firmware anymore (its web gui was way to slow, painfully slow actually and it crashed alot) and will never use it again in life. I was finally able to get back to the default linksys firmware but now I have the same previous problem. I am now using the latest firmware "Firmware Version v1.02.8' for my WRT54g v6. I never backed up up the previous firmware for this router before i upgraded to v1.02.8 so any link to a previous version or the first version of firmware for this router that will be great. I've been look all around the internet and I can't find it, from searching around i found out that linksys hand an ftp archive of firmwares but it stopped working around 2010. So, where i can get at older version, or even a third party firmware OTHER THAN DD-WRT that works with the WRT54g v6 router.
I don't even know if the older firmware would fix this problem, but I dont want to have to be disabling QOS every time i want to play this game because the people in my house will hog the bandwidth and i will get lag, but its worth a shot.
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Apr 21, 2012
have either the latest or original firmware for the travel router WTR54GS V2.0? (Not the WRT54G).
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Feb 7, 2011
I have a BEFSR41 that has been flawless to date but it is version 1 (I think). I have gigabit nics on all PCs but I am wondering if the old version 1 is only capable of 10mbps throughput. If that is the case then it may explain why I can get up to 20mbps download speeds off the modem and under 10mbps off the router. The router has the latest firmware and otherwise no problems.
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Mar 6, 2011
I want to remove the DD-WRT firmware from my router.It is a TP-LINK TL-WR740N V2.1 router.I want to set it back to its original firmware.
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Apr 19, 2011
Here's what we have at the house;
1 - Motorola Modem (horrible ISP)
2 - Dlink DIR 655 wireless router (about 2-3 years old)
3 - 2 laptops (windows 7/both)
4 - DirecTV broadband box (can't remember how that hooked up to the router?)
5 - Playstation 3
6 - (3) DTV sat receivers
The problem started while trying to connect the PS3 to the existing network. Only one laptop is wifi, the other laptop and Ps3 are in my room and wired in to the router, and the strange little DirecTV box is in the wired mix(for on-demand i guess?) The PS3 could not log-in to the PSNetwork(still can't), but it could browse the web just fine. So I start manually typing in IP addresses, 6 IP's in all, including the sharing of 3 DTV boxes that show up on the network on my admin laptop. Didn't work, so I get into the DLink router URL and start opening up ports that PSNetwork uses. At this point I think I have it figured out, then I did a firmware update on the router. My laptop, the PS3(internet, no PSNetwork) and even the little DTV box was working fine, all wired in, using 3 of the four ports. The old lady's laptop in the living room not only couldn't get on-line, it couldn't detect a wifi network? So try to set up a new real quick before I left this AM.. No beans!! I looked at the specs for the router, the firmware is up to date but from early 2010, and the features say "NO" to gaming support..
Do I get another router that can handle all the devices and is PS3 friendly, if that's even a thing!? I can't roll back the firmware update cause I wasn't able to back up the settings, and honestly theres a good chance I did something really bad as far as trying to tweak that router to open up ports for the specific IP address that goes to the game console. We'll call it 191.55.55.99. When I thought I was finished, the PS3 IP address had switched to 191.55.55.98? So it dropped down a number, I thought it was static, and all my efforts were for the --99 IP address, basically I have network issues consisting of Satalite tv boxes, a public DTV share folder, a video game console, one wired and one wireless, and a router that I WANT TO SET ON FIRE!
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